Abstract: A novel was proposed for the defections of slow convergence and liable to "premature" of traditional GA. It creates crossover and mutation by merging two kinds of heuristics respectively so ...

Abstract: Bilevel optimization, where one optimization problem is inherently nested within another, has gained significant attention due to its extensive applications in machine learning, such as ...

Consumers trying to score the best deals online may be facing a moving target as retailers increasingly use dynamic pricing. It's a strategy that adjusts prices based on factors including demand, ...